翻訳と辞書 Words near each other ・ Horizontal gene transfer ・ Horizontal gene transfer in evolution ・ Horizontal inequality ・ Horizontal integration ・ Horizontal Integration Facility ・ Horizontal line test ・ Horizontal market ・ Horizontal market software ・ Horizontal marketing system ・ Horizontal mattress stitch ・ Horizontal pitch ・ Horizontal plane ・ Horizontal plate of palatine bone ・ Horizontal position representation ・ Horizontal progression ・ Horizontal resistance ・ Horizontal scan rate ・ Horizontal situation indicator ・ Horizontal Skyscraper – Vanke Center ・ Horizontal territorial allocation ・ Horizontal top-bar hive ・ Horizontal translation ・ Horizontalidad ・ Horizontalism ・ Horizonte ・ Horizonte Futebol Clube ・ Horizontes da Memória ・ Horizontes Experimental Forest ・ Horizontina ・ Horizume Station Dictionary Lists mini英和辞書 mini和英辞書 Webster 1913 Latin-English FOLDOC Wikipedia English ウィキペディア

翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Horizontal resistance ： ウィキペディア英語版 Horizontal resistance In genetics, the term horizontal resistance was first used by J.E. Vanderplank〔Vanderplank, J.E. (1963) Plant Diseases: Epidemics and Control. Academic Press, New York and London, 349pp.〕 to describe many-gene resistance. This contrasts with the term vertical resistance which was used to describe single-gene resistance. Raoul A. Robinson 〔Robinson, Raoul A. (1976) Plant Pathosystems. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, 184pp.〕 further refined the definition of horizontal resistance. Unlike vertical resistance and parasitic ability, horizontal resistance and horizontal parasitic ability are entirely independent of each other in genetic terms. In the first round of breeding for horizontal resistance, plants are exposed to pathogens and selected for partial resistance. Plants unaffected by the pathogen have vertical resistance and are removed. Obviously plants with no resistance die, the remaining plants have partial resistance and their seed is stored and bred back up to sufficient volume for further testing. The hope is that in these remaining plants are multiple types of partially resistant genes, and by crossbreeding this pool back on itself multiple partial resistance genes will be encouraged and provide resistance to a larger variety of pathogens than vertical resistance. Successive rounds of breeding for horizontal resistance proceed in a more traditional fashion, selecting plants for disease resistance as measured by yield. These plants are exposed to native regional pathogens, and given minimal assistance in fighting them.〔http://newfarm.rodaleinstitute.org/international/pan-am_don/nov04/chapingo.shtml〕 ==References== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Horizontal resistance」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.